Problem & Solution 类 Task 2 写作思路与高分范文示范
① 英文写作原题（Original Question）
Plastic waste is becoming a major environmental problem in many parts of the world.
What are the causes of this problem, and what solutions can be implemented to reduce it?
② 中文思路解析（教学型）
这是一道典型的 Problem & Solution（问题—解决方案）题型，题目中通过两个并列问题明确给出写作任务：
- 塑料污染产生的原因（causes）
- 可以采取哪些措施来减少这一问题（solutions）
👉 本题不要求表态，也不是利弊分析，重点在于因果是否对应、解决方案是否具体可行。
一、问题段写作思路（Causes）
在本题中，塑料污染的原因可以从消费习惯 + 生产模式两个层面分析：
- 一次性塑料制品使用频繁（塑料袋、包装、餐具）
- 塑料成本低、使用方便，导致过度生产
- 回收体系不完善，塑料难以被有效处理
教学建议：
👉 选择 2 个原因深入展开，用“原因 → 结果”的逻辑说明污染为何不断加剧。
二、解决方案段写作思路（Solutions）
解决方案要做到“层级清晰”，可分为：
- 政府层面：立法限制一次性塑料、征收环保税
- 企业层面：研发可降解材料、减少包装
- 个人层面：重复使用、提高环保意识
👉 评分重点不在数量，而在于是否真正“对症下药”。
三、推荐结构（Problem & Solution 通用）
- 引言段：背景 + 引出问题
- 主体段一：分析塑料污染的主要原因
- 主体段二：提出可行解决方案
- 结论段：总结 + 强调共同责任
③ 英文高分范文（Band 7–8）
Plastic waste has become one of the most serious environmental challenges worldwide. The growing accumulation of plastic products poses a threat to ecosystems and human health. This problem is mainly caused by modern consumption patterns, but several effective solutions can be implemented to reduce its impact.
One major cause of plastic pollution is the widespread use of single-use plastic products. Items such as plastic bags, bottles and food packaging are cheap and convenient, which encourages excessive consumption. In addition, plastic waste management systems in many countries are poorly developed. As a result, large amounts of plastic end up in landfills or oceans instead of being properly recycled.
To tackle this issue, governments should take the lead by introducing stricter regulations on plastic production and consumption. For example, banning single-use plastics or imposing environmental taxes can significantly reduce demand. At the same time, businesses should be encouraged to develop environmentally friendly alternatives and reduce unnecessary packaging. Individuals also have a role to play by reusing products and making more sustainable choices in daily life.
In conclusion, plastic pollution is largely driven by overconsumption and inadequate waste management. By combining government action, corporate responsibility and individual effort, this global problem can be effectively addressed.
