从结构到用法,带你全面吃透英语中的 SVC 句型表达方式
在英语句型系统中,SVC 句型(Subject + Linking Verb + Complement) 是表达“主语是什么”或“主语是什么样”的重要结构。它不像 SVO 结构那样强调动作,而是更关注主语的身份、状态、特征或感受。
一、结构构成
SVC 的标准结构为:
主语(S) + 系动词(V) + 表语(C)
其中的“系动词”负责连接主语和表语,构成完整的意义。
二、常见系动词(Linking Verbs)
以下是最常见的系动词,你需要熟练掌握:
系动词 | 作用示例 |
---|---|
be | She is a doctor. |
become | He became angry. |
seem | It seems interesting. |
appear | He appears tired. |
look | You look great today. |
sound | That sounds strange. |
feel | I feel sick. |
grow | The boy grew tall. |
注意: 表语可以是名词、形容词或短语,但不能是动词。
三、典型例句
- She is a teacher.(名词作表语)
- The soup smells delicious.(形容词作表语)
- He became a writer.(名词作表语)

四、表语 VS 宾语 的区别(避免误用)
- He is a pilot.(“pilot”为表语,说明主语“he”的身份)
- ❌ He is a pilot the plane.(错误——“pilot the plane”是一个动宾结构,不能作表语)
五、实际写作应用建议
SVC 结构在初中、高中写作中广泛使用,尤其适合:
- 开头描述背景(如:The city is very modern.)
- 评价某人或某事(如:This plan seems reasonable.)
- 表达情绪、状态、身份等非动作类信息
干货例句:
The problem is more serious than we thought.
She looks confident before the interview.
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六、易错点提醒
- 系动词后不要直接接副词
- ❌ He is happily.
- ✅ He is happy.
- 表语和主语在人称和数上需保持一致
- ✅ The students are energetic.
- ❌ The students is energetic.
七、练习题(建议动手)
将以下句子改为主系表结构:
- The weather is bad.(照样写一个天气描述句)
- He became…(用职业名词完成)
- My dog looks…(用描述性形容词完成)
句型掌握是构建英语表达的地基。今天的 SVC 结构作为五大基本句型之一,是你英语之路的起点。现在就来使用“李校来啦英语智能训练系统”,获取专属练习题与个性化反馈,让每一个句型真正用得出、说得顺!
