一文吃透 there is / are / was / were / will be 的用法与常见错误。
说到英语中表达“某地有某物”，我们第一时间就要想到 “there be 句型”。这是英语中最基本也最常用的表达形式之一。
一、结构基础：There + be + 主语 + 地点/时间（可选）
There is a book on the table.
桌子上有一本书。
结构说明：
- “there” 是引导词，并非真正主语
- 真正的主语是“a book”
- 谓语动词“be”需要和主语的人称和数保持一致
二、时态变化梳理
| 时态 | 肯定形式 | 否定形式 | 疑问形式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一般现在 | There is / are | There isn’t / aren’t | Is / Are there…? |
| 一般过去 | There was / were | There wasn’t / weren’t | Was / Were there…? |
| 一般将来 | There will be | There won’t be | Will there be…? |
例句：
- There are two apples in the basket.（现在）
- There was a problem with the printer.（过去）
- Will there be a test tomorrow?（将来）
三、主谓一致：be动词跟着“真正的主语”走！
🔸 单数主语 ➜ 用 is / was
🔸 复数主语 ➜ 用 are / were
错误示例：
❌ There is many books on the desk.
✅ There are many books on the desk.
四、可数 vs 不可数名词：记住这条！
- 不可数名词 ➜ 单数对待，使用 is / was
- 可数名词复数 ➜ 使用 are / were
举例：
- There is some milk in the glass.（milk 不可数）
- There are some chairs in the room.（chairs 可数复数）
五、常见错误解析
| 错误表达 | 正确表达 | 错误原因 |
|---|---|---|
| There is five students in the room. | There are five students… | 主谓不一致 |
| There are a book on the desk. | There is a book… | 主语是单数 |
| There have many people. | There are many people. | be动词误用 |
六、表达变高级：用数量、位置细化主语
There are three different kinds of cakes on the table.
There was nothing in his pocket.
There is no reason to panic.
加上形容词、数词、名词短语，可以丰富表达内容，也能在写作中加分。
七、实用练习题（可打印）
- ___ (be) a lot of water in the bottle.
- ___ (be) any apples on the plate yesterday?
- There ___ (not be) a train to Beijing tonight.
答案：
- There is
- Was there
- won’t be
掌握 there be 句型，是构建地道英语表达的第一步。无论是在写作、口语还是听力中，它都频繁出现，属于高频结构。建议立即进入「李校来啦智能训练系统」，开启【句型结构专项训练】，系统化掌握 there be 各类用法，实时反馈帮助你稳步提升表达力！
