提升句型灵活度,用分词结构替代从句,让句子更高级
在日常写作中,我们常常会用各种从句结构表达原因、时间、条件等,但在正式英语中,有一个更简洁高级的结构能完成同样的功能,那就是——分词结构。
✳️ 什么是“分词结构”?
分词结构主要是用**现在分词(doing)或过去分词(done)**来引导句子的非谓语部分,用以简化句式、替代从句,常用于书面表达中。
🔹 用法一:表示时间或原因
✅ 原句(时间从句):
When he entered the room, he found everyone was gone.
✅ 改写(分词结构):
Entering the room, he found everyone was gone.
📌 结构说明:此类结构可省略从属连词和主语,主语与主句一致。
✅ 原句(原因从句):
Because she was tired, she went to bed early.
✅ 改写:
Being tired, she went to bed early.
🔹 用法二:表示条件或伴随
✅ 条件从句:
If given more time, he would finish the project.
✅ 分词结构:
Given more time, he would finish the project.
✅ 伴随动作:
He stood there, watching the sunset.
(此处“watching the sunset”是现在分词作伴随。)
🔹 用法三:现在分词 VS 过去分词区别
- 现在分词(doing) 表示主语主动或正在进行的动作:
🔹 Seeing the teacher, the students stood up. - 过去分词(done) 表示被动或完成的状态:
🔹 Surprised by the news, she couldn’t say a word.

📌 特别注意
- 主语必须一致:分词结构的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。
- 不当分词结构容易造成“悬垂结构(dangling modifier)”,如:
❌ Walking into the room, the lights were off.(错)
✅ Walking into the room, I noticed the lights were off.
✅ 写作练习建议
✏️ 将以下句子用分词结构改写:
- After he finished his homework, he watched TV.
- Because she was excited, she couldn’t sleep.
- If it is treated properly, the wound will heal soon.
✏️ 写一段描述性文字(不少于5句),要求使用至少两种分词结构。
分词结构不仅简洁,还能增强语言逻辑。想进一步掌握类似高阶语法点,可继续深入“李校来啦智能英语”的高级句型模块,系统掌握状语从句转化、同位语结构、名词化表达等高分句型技巧!
