写作句型升级:学会用“分词结构”丰富句式

掌握分词结构能有效提升写作表达层次,本文详解其用法分类、结构逻辑及常见写作转化方式,并配有例句和实用练习建议,是你提升句式高级感的实用利器。

提升句型灵活度,用分词结构替代从句,让句子更高级

在日常写作中,我们常常会用各种从句结构表达原因、时间、条件等,但在正式英语中,有一个更简洁高级的结构能完成同样的功能,那就是——分词结构


✳️ 什么是“分词结构”?

分词结构主要是用**现在分词(doing)过去分词(done)**来引导句子的非谓语部分,用以简化句式、替代从句,常用于书面表达中。


🔹 用法一:表示时间或原因

原句(时间从句):
When he entered the room, he found everyone was gone.
改写(分词结构):
Entering the room, he found everyone was gone.

📌 结构说明:此类结构可省略从属连词和主语,主语与主句一致。

原句(原因从句):
Because she was tired, she went to bed early.
改写:
Being tired, she went to bed early.


🔹 用法二:表示条件或伴随

条件从句:
If given more time, he would finish the project.
分词结构:
Given more time, he would finish the project.

伴随动作:
He stood there, watching the sunset.
(此处“watching the sunset”是现在分词作伴随。)


🔹 用法三:现在分词 VS 过去分词区别

  • 现在分词(doing) 表示主语主动或正在进行的动作:
    🔹 Seeing the teacher, the students stood up.
  • 过去分词(done) 表示被动或完成的状态:
    🔹 Surprised by the news, she couldn’t say a word.

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📌 特别注意

  1. 主语必须一致:分词结构的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。
  2. 不当分词结构容易造成“悬垂结构(dangling modifier)”,如:
    Walking into the room, the lights were off.(错)
    Walking into the room, I noticed the lights were off.

✅ 写作练习建议

✏️ 将以下句子用分词结构改写:

  1. After he finished his homework, he watched TV.
  2. Because she was excited, she couldn’t sleep.
  3. If it is treated properly, the wound will heal soon.

✏️ 写一段描述性文字(不少于5句),要求使用至少两种分词结构。


分词结构不仅简洁,还能增强语言逻辑。想进一步掌握类似高阶语法点,可继续深入“李校来啦智能英语”的高级句型模块,系统掌握状语从句转化、同位语结构、名词化表达等高分句型技巧!

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