掌握两者在表达“必须”时的语气和用法差异
📌 1. must — 强烈的主观要求或推测
- 用法1：表示说话人主观认为必要的事
- You must finish your homework before dinner.（你必须在晚餐前完成作业——说话人强烈要求）
- 用法2：表示对现在的推测（几乎确定）
- She must be tired after the long trip.（她一定很累）
📝 2. have to — 客观的规定或外部要求
- 表示由于外部规则、条件、客观情况而必须做某事
- I have to wear a uniform at work.（我上班必须穿制服——公司规定）
- 可用于多种时态变化
- I had to leave early yesterday.（我昨天不得不早走）
⚖ 3. 语气差别
| 情态动词 | 语气特点 | 来源 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| must | 主观、命令感更强 | 说话人 | You must listen to me. |
| have to | 客观、来自外部约束 | 规则/条件 | We have to follow the law. |
🕰 4. 时态变化
- must 几乎不用过去式（过去必须用 had to）
- have to 可灵活变化（have to / had to / will have to）
❗ 5. 常见错误
❌ I must to go now.
✔ I must go now.
❌ I must left early yesterday.
✔ I had to leave early yesterday.
💡 6. 记忆诀窍
- must → 主观要求 / 确定推测
- have to → 客观原因 / 时态灵活
✍ 练习题
用 must 或 have to 完成句子：
- (___) you be the new manager?
- I (___) attend the meeting tomorrow because my boss asked me to.
- We (___) submit the form by Friday — it’s the rule.
✅ 参考答案：
- Must
- have to
- have to
🌟 must 更像来自内心或说话人的要求，have to 更偏向外部规定。掌握两者的语气差异，你的表达会更准确自然。
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